Common trees elsewhere include oaks, sugar maples, hemlocks, birches, ashes, sweet gums, and other deciduous species. Initially they settled some of the land that surrounded New York Harbor.
New Jersey is an important industrial centre, but it has paid the price in environmental pollution, in dirt and noise, and in congested roads and slums. Provide financial support in furtherance of the research and preservation of the early history of New Jersey. The Duke of New York then granted the land between the Hudson and Delaware Rivers to the Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley. Virtually all of the plant life that is common to the northeastern United States can be found in New Jersey, and many rare plant species grow in the marshes and Pine Barrens, including some insect-ingesting plants. In sum, New Jersey is a curious amalgam of urban and rural, poor and wealthy, progressive and conservative, parochial and cosmopolitan. In 1738, as a result of the efforts of Lewis Morris, New Jersey gained its independence from New York. Research and publish information about the lives of the founders in the land that became the colony of New Jersey as of 17 April 1702, the date that East Jersey and West Jersey were merged into a single entity by Queen Anne.
If you choose to renew, your renewal price will always reflect the 50% discount! Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Imagine is the year 1670, and you're living in the 13 Colonies — the colony of New Jersey, to be exact. Lake Hopatcong, in Sussex and Morris counties, is the state’s largest lake.
Although it has major social, economic, and political force in its own right, New Jersey is sometimes looked upon as a stepchild among the heavily industrialized and populated states along the Eastern Seaboard. German Colonial Developed after about 1675, when the Delaware River Valley area (Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware) was settled by immigrants from Sweden, Finland, Scotland, Ireland, Germany and … Space - Moons, Stars, Amazing Wonders, and More!
The capital is Trenton.
However, by 1702, the two divisions were united as the royal colony of New Jersey. Hundreds of thousands of its citizens commute to New York and Pennsylvania. In 1702 the proprietors of the colony turned it back to the crown. American history and world history can be found at historycental- History's home on the web.
The colony was called New Netherland, and included parts of modern-day New York and New Jersey. New Jersey was home to many religious denominations with the Dutch Reformed Church being one of the largest. Lakes and ponds cover about 300 square miles (780 square km) of the state’s surface. The Hudson River separates the state from New York. The urban density of its northeast contrasts sharply, however, with the rugged hills of the northwest, the enormous stretches of pine forest in the southeast (the Pine Barrens), and the rolling and lush horse country in the south-central part of the state. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login).
In 1660, the town of Bergen became the first established town in the New Jersey portion of New Netherland.
In 1664, the British conquered New Netherlands. New Jersey Colony.
Where would you find the Empire State Building?
https://www.britannica.com/place/New-Jersey, Official Tourism Site of New Jersey, United States, Official Site of The State of New Jersey, United States, CRW Flags - Flag of New Jersey, United States, Jewish Virtual Library - New Jersey, United States, JewishEncyclopedia.com - New Jersey, United States, New Jersey - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), New Jersey - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The most striking features of the state are its beaches, the Pine Barrens, The Palisades facing Manhattan, the broad marshes and swampland in the northeast, and the hills of the northwest, including the famous Delaware Water Gap.
The last Royal governor of New Jersey was William Franklin, the son of Benjamin Franklin. Upgrade to MrN 365 to access our entire library of incredible educational resources and teacher tools in an ad-free environment. Its people fiercely fight off attempts of state government to end home rule by powerful municipal administrations.
Today, it is a large city named Jersey City. Relatively mild conditions prevail in the south, with average winter temperatures above freezing. Other major rivers are the Passaic and the Hackensack, both in the northeast, and the Raritan, which runs west to east and is generally regarded as the boundary between North and Central Jersey. Updates? In 1660, the town of Bergen became the first established town in the New Jersey portion of New Netherland.
Indeed, it is one of the most diverse states in the union. The northwest experiences relatively cold winters, with average January temperatures below 28 °F (−2 °C). It was ruled thereafter as a royal colony. Although King Charles originally gave the region to his brother, the Duke of York, eventually, he decided to divide the region and gave the land between the Hudson and Delaware River (New Jersey) to two of his friends, Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley of Stratton. Author of. Area 8,723 square miles (22,591 square km).
While the state has produced some of the most able and respected U.S. governors, corruption has often played a part in its local politics, and it has achieved notoriety as a major locus of organized crime. United States - Highway State Welcome Signs, United States - 50 States Postage Stamps Coloring Pages, United States - Land (Physiographic) Regions, United States - State Quarter Coloring Pages. It is now also among the most urbanized and crowded of states. However, the Dutch were slow to settle the colony.
The eastern goldfinch is the state bird of New Jersey.
Research our special sections on diverse subjects ranging from presidential elections to naval history. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Colony Of New Jersey A Brief History "New Jersey was so named, in 1664, at the time of its conquest by the English from the Dutch, in honor of Sir George Carteret, who had been governor of the Isle of Jersey, in the British Channel, and to whom, with Lord Berkley, the Duke of York conveyed the territory. It was difficult for the proprietors to collect any taxes from the inhabitant. Philip Carteret was appointed the first governor of the New Jersey colony. Above all, New Jersey is rife with contradiction and anomaly. 8,882,190. The Outer Coastal Plain, with its relatively poor sandy soils, is where the Pine Barrens are located. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. So, in March 1673 Berkeley sold his part of the colony to the Quakers. Raccoons and opossums are common, even in many suburbs, and other mammals, snakes, and birds common to the northeastern United States (including migratory species) are also found within the state. In return for the land, the settlers were supposed to pay a yearly tax called a quitrent. The Great Swamp, one of several poorly drained areas in the Passaic River basin, is a national wildlife refuge. This page tells about the history of the New Jersey Colony. The area on the eastern seaboard of America that became the English colony and then the state of New Jersey encompasses a landscape of mountain ridges, fertile valleys and fields, pine forests, salt marshes, and long white beaches stretching from the mouth of the … Upon the sale, New Jersey was divided in West Jersey and East Jersey. For hundreds of thousands of visitors it offers long stretches of fine beaches along the Atlantic Ocean, and the resort town of Atlantic City may be better known than the state itself. The Continental Congress deposed him in 1776.
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The first settlements in New Jersey were made by the Dutch along the western bank of the Hudson, with one on the Delaware at Fort Nassau; but these settlements were insignificant, and the history of the colony properly begins with the occupation of the territory by the English. For many years New Jersey was part of New York colony. Population (2010) 8,791,894; (2019 est.) It was ruled thereafter as a royal colony. The northern Inner Coastal Plain is home to prosperous horse farms, and some dairying still exists in the Ridge and Valley section. The quitrents proved hard to collect, which prompted the sale of the land to the Quakers in 1673. Battles of the Revolutionary War Interactive Map. New Jersey comprises four distinct physical regions: the Ridge and Valley section of the northwest, where the folded Appalachian Mountains slice across the state; the Highlands, a southern extension of the ancient rocks of New England, which also trend across the state in a northeast-southwest direction; the rolling central Piedmont, where many of the major cities and suburbs are located; and the relatively level Atlantic Coastal Plain, which is divided into an inner and an outer portion. Colonists from New Sweden settled in Southern New Jersey. The former is dominated by grasses, the latter by trees. Named for the island of Jersey in the English Channel, its capital city is Trenton. Although suburbanization has devoured much of New Jersey’s agricultural land, substantial estates and farms still exist in parts of the Piedmont, and truck farms still dominate many parts of the southern Inner Coastal Plain. Moist conditions prevail, with seasonally well-distributed precipitation averaging from 44 inches to more than 52 inches (1,120 to 1,320 mm). Omissions?
After the sale to the Quakers the colony was divided into two East and West Jersey. In 1702 the proprietors of the colony turned it back to the crown.
All Rights Reserved. The Barrens are dominated, however, by oak and pine on the well-drained sites and by white cedar in the poorly drained bogs. The first College in the colony was Queens College, (now called “Rutgers”) was founded in 1766.
Like New York, the area was first colonized by Dutch settlers around 1613. The state’s highest elevation is High Point, at 1,803 feet (550 metres), located just south of the New York border in Sussex county. New Jersey is called the Garden State because it became famous in the 18th century for the fertility of its land. New Jersey’s major river, which it shares with Pennsylvania, is the Delaware. By 1664, the British had claimed the entire region and had driven the Dutch out. That political division lasted between 1674 and 1702. Whatever aspect of history you wish learn about, you will find it at Historycentral.com. © 1996-2020 Historycentral. The purple violet is the state flower of New Jersey. New Jersey’s early colonial history is similar to New York’s. The marshy area west of The Palisades (the Hackensack Meadows, popularly called the Meadowlands) and the Great Swamp of Morris county are relics of glacial lakes of the last Ice Age. For many years New Jersey was part of New York colony. They guaranteed the religious freedom to those who were willing to settle in New Jersey. Like New York, the area was first colonized by Dutch settlers around 1613. They named the colony New Jersey after the English Channel Island of Jersey. The colony was called New Netherland, and included parts of modern-day New York and New Jersey. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Summers are relatively hot throughout the state, with averages for July ranging from about 70 °F (21 °C) in the northwest to above 76 °F (24 °C) in the southwest. New Netherland was renamed New Jersey and New Amsterdam was renamed New York. Carteret and Berkeley began attracting people to the area by offering land and guaranteeing religious freedom. Common plants are wild azaleas, rhododendrons, honeysuckles, mountain laurels, wintergreen, and cardinal flowers.